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Assessement of plant species diversity in deciduous forests In the context of climate change [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Agapi, Ion
During recent years, biodiversity and its assessment have occupied an important position in the International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests), and Climate Change. The main component of forest ecosystems, in addition to tree edificators, is the ground vegetation. The individual vegetation layers comprise an important feature of the overall biodiversity of forest ecosystems. Their composition, diversity and structure constitute both important factors in the assessment of their biodiversity and also important bioindicators of environmental changes. Vegetation is a source of the primary production of ecosystem; it controls gas exchange with the atmosphere and plays an important role in the biocycles of both water and nutrients within the ecosystem. It is also an important indicator of the status of forest ecosystems for the relatively easy and inexpensive assessment of ground vegetation monitoring and constitutes an acknowledged basis for biodiversity assessment.
Феромонный мониторинг чешуекрылых в ГУ «Республиканский ботанический сад» [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Антюхова, О.В.
An important element of the integrated protection is the use of pheromones. Made a comparison of synthetic sex attractants of different years of production. Determine the number of generations of miner moths, rose, omnivorous and green oak leaf rollers was determined in 2016.
Видовой состав и динамика засоренности некоторых биотопов в ботаническом саду Tирасполя [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Антюхова, Ольга; Трескина, Наталья; Ковальчук, Руслана
Species composition and dynamics of the meadow lawn infestation, ground and paved paths in the State Botanical Garden of Transnistria are determined; The ratio of biological groups of weed plants depending on the biotope is established; The efficiency of herbicide application to glyphosate groups on the tracks was noted. The greatest density and mass of weed plants are noted on a meadow lawn at the beginning of vegetation. The dynamics of the ratio of biological groups of weed plants is largely determined by the biotope.
Impactul ninsorilor abundente şi foarte abundente asupra mediului natural şi activităţilor umane din Republica Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Boian, Ilie
The abundant and very abundant snow on the territory of the Republic of Moldova falls between dangerous meteorological phenomena, with direct effects on the environment and human activities, and they are the subject of warning messages from the specialized institutions. The abundant snowfall is most frequent in the passage of Atlantic cyclones, which traveled on western trajectories. Heavy snow is also noticeable in the case of locking processes. The processes of blocking the southern cyclones are determined by the intensification of the anti-cyclones placed in their path. The thermal characteristics of these anticyclones lead to the creation of very strong snow zones at the border with the relatively warm front of the cyclones. As a particular object of study, the abundant snowfall was held from 20 to 21 April 2017.
Impactul schimbărilor bruşte ale vremii din Republica Moldova asupra stării de sănătate a populaţiei [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Boian, Ilie
Along with the positive parts of the Moldovan climate - the warm period of the year, the mild winter, the abundance of light and heat - there are also some negative traits such as the high variability of the weather. The sudden changes in weather caused by the strong variation in the values of the main meteorological elements such as air temperature, precipitation, relative air humidity, nebulosity, and especially atmospheric pressure, adversely affect the health of a large number of people. When the body is virtually forced to suddenly pass from a temperature above 35°C to less than 17°C, it is instantly weakened. The explanation is that they are trying to cope with this passage, being confronted with dampness and cold. The immune system weakens and the body becomes vulnerable to viral infections. At the same time, the presence of nasal polyps, allergies, which affect the nasal mucosa and prolonged stress, increase the risk of developing viral infections. When the weather is suddenly racing, many people face dizziness and headaches. There are many people who accuse a state of acute fatigue, physical and mental asthenia, a state of continuous drowsiness and even depression, although they are properly resting.
Studiul florei vasculare din zona oraşului Orhei [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Bulimaga, Constantin; Certan, Corina; Grabco, Nadejda
The field research has been carried out in the first decade of July 2016. The research of flora, of the urban ecosystem in Orhei town is based on the studies of the 8 resorts. It highlights the presence of 106 species of magnoliophyte plants, grouped in 94 genres from 35 families. The majority of these species is represented by spontaneous ones. In some of the investigated sectors some species of cultivated trees have been identified: the walnut tree, cherry tree, apricot tree, pear tree. Species encountered with a higher frequency are ubiquitous, some of them are assigned into the category of invasive and are represented by: Polygonum aviculare L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Plantago lanceolata L., Ambrosia artemisifolia L., Sonchus arvensis L., Elytrigia repens (L.) Gould, Bromus arvensis L., Acer negundo L.
Studiul proceselor fiziologice al transpirației şi activităţii fotosintetice la cultura Polygonum sachalinense F. Schmidt în condiţiile Republicii Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Cârlig, Natalia; Scurtu, Gh.
În rezultatul investigațiilor asupra stabilirii parametrilor fiziologici la plantele Polygonum sachalinense F. Schmidt, comparativ cu specia martor Miscanthus giganteus, Zea mays, vârsta de doi ani și patru ani, am constatat valori semnificative ce ţin de intensitatea fotosintezei, intensitatea transpirației, conducticitatea stomatelor și intensitatea radiației fotosintetice active în perioada activă de vegetaţie.
Aprecierea resurselor naturale şi a factorilor de risc ecologic în aşezarea rurală calfa [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Cojocaru, Olesea
The need to study ecological peculiarities and specific sources of pollution is determined by the assessment of natural resources, ecological risk factors and protective measures both on the territory of the Republic of Moldova and in the Anenii Noi district Calfa village. Taking into consideration the importance of this ecological area and environmental conditions in ensuring the quality of the environment is necessary the integrated state of natural resources relations and ecological risk factors in the implementation of some measures of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. The purpose of the research on the territory of the rural settlement Calfa is to highlight the ecological peculiarities, to assess the sources of pollution and to assess their current state for the elaboration of a system of environmental protection measures. The superficial rocks in the Calfa village are covered with fine gray or green clay, clayey, sandy and fine sands, alternating in different order. The status of the water resources in the years 2012-2015 of the villages in the vicinity of Calfa village is shown in Figures. In terms of the animal world, it consists of about 800 species of animals (160 vertebrates and 640 invertebrates). Vertebrates include 30 - mammalian species, 81 bird species, 7 reptile species, 7 amphibian species and 22 fish species. The wooded area of the owners in the village of Calfa in 2015 is 1.2 hectares for massive forests, 40 ha of green areas and most probably 60 hectares of forest protection strip. It was also appreciated the assignment of land for permanent use to various enterprises and organizations for non-agricultural purposes during the year 2015 and the surface of damaged and eroded lands in some localities of Anenii Noi district, ha (status 01.01.2016).
Impactul natural şi a activităţilor antropice [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Crâşmaru, Valentin
Due to the intensive exploitation of the land and natural resources, the ecological situation worsened considerably, which has a negative impact to the soil of Development Region North. The impact of agricultural activities and pressures of various factors led to decrease of soil quality and increase the surface of soils eroded. Some of the factors that led to growth of the eroded surfaces is considered and high percentage of technical and hoeing crops.
Caracteristica faunei Helmintice (Trematoda) a speciei Pelophylax Ridibundus din zona de centru a Republicii Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Erhan, Dumitru; Gherasim, Elena; Rusu, Ştefan; Zamornea, Maria; Munjiu, Oxana; Lebedenco, Liubovi; Ivanova, Anastasia; Cebotari, Andrei; Vatavu, Dmitri
The results of the parasitologic study revealed some peculiarities of trematoda fauna of Pelophylax ridibundus (Amphibia) specie. The parasitological research covered 54 individuals, including 23 adult and 31 larval exemplars. The investigation allowed identifying 5 species of trematodas (Opisthioglyphe ranae, Prosotocus confusus, Cephalogonimus retusus, Pleorugenoides medians, Diplodiscus subclavatus) belonging to 5 genus (Opisthioglyphe, Prosotocus, Cephalogonimus, Pleorugenoides, Diplodiscus), 5 families (Plagiorchiidae, Lecithodendriidae, Cephalogonimidae, Lecithodendriidae, Diplodiscidae) and 2 orders (Plagiorchiida, Echinostomatida), attributed only to adult exemplars.
Conserve din fructe şi legume cu valoare biologic sporită pentru alimentaţia copiilor [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Iuşan, Larisa; Terentieva, Galina; Caragia, Vavil
L’alimentation rationnelle de l’enfant de la première année de vie, équilibrée du point de vue nutritionnelles, non seulement fournit tous les nutriments nécessaires, mais est aussi orientée vers la formation de bonnes habitudes gustatifs, pour guider les enfants, puis les adultes à consommer des aliments sains. Généralement, les aliments cuisinés à la maison sont considérés comme sains, nutritifs et utiles pour les bébés. Les dernières années, on a fait des recherches scientifiques concernant les lacunes des plats cuisinés faits maison. Parmi eux sont les suivants: le déficit d’un certain nombre de minéraux, tels que le zinc, le fer, les vitamines A, E, C, groupe B; les conditions environnementales jouent négativement (pollution de l’eau et du sol, l'utilisation d'engrais, etc.); le traitement thermique du lait, de la viande, de bouillie, des fruits et légumes à la maison, mène à la diminution significative des vitamines et ainsi on ne peut pas fournir la dose journalière recommandée de nutriments. Concernant ce problème, il est recommandé d’utiliser des suppléments alimentaires fabriqués dans des conditions industrielles. En Moldavie une seule entreprise S.A. „Orhei-Vit‖ produit un large assortiment de conserves de légumes et de fruits pour les nourrissons. L'entreprise développe en permanence sa gamme de conserves en boîte pour les bébés. En 2016, les spécialistes de l’entreprise de conserverie en collaboration avec l'Institut Scientifique et Pratique d'Horticulture et de Technologies Alimentaires ont élaboré une nouvelle gamme de purées à haute valeur biologique a partir des fruits et légumes avec du fromage frais, sans sucre ajouté.
Aportul unor substanţe fiziologic active la sporirea recoltei şi majorarea indicilor de calitate a seminţelor de sfeclă de zahăr [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Hropotinschi, Petru
The paper is dedicated to the generalization of experimental date received in the experiments on studing the influence of some physiological active substances on the yields and the quality of sugar beet seeds. The obtained date are proving the beneficial influence of such substances as: Bor, Ferofit and Tircon by spraying the seed producing crop in the stage of the beginning of bloomering. The yield increase has consisted 0,18-0,33 t/ha, the mass of 1000 seeds on 0,77-1,19 gr., the energy of germination on 4-8%, the germination on 5-11%. The best results have been obtained by using the solution of Ferovit. The averadge yield fo 4 years has consisted 1,69 t/ha, what is higher on 0,33 t/ha than obtained on control plant.
Tipologia şi frecvenţa morfelor cromatice ale speciilor din complexul Pelophylax esculenta (Amphibia) din ecosistemele Codrilor centrali [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Gherasim, Elena
This article reflects the practical and theoretical analysis of the chromatic aspects of the following Pelophylax esculenta complex: Pelophylax ridibundus Pallas, 1771, Pelophylax lessonae, Camerano, 1882 and Pelophylax esculentus, Linnaeus, 1785 (Amphibia). The listed species form the Pelophylax esculenta complex, which is composed of parental species Pelophylax lessonae Cam. and Pelophylax ridibundus Pal. and the species derived from the process of hybridization of these species – Pelophylax kl. esculentus L. Following the long-temp evaluation of amphibians in the Pelophylax esculenta complex, 12 types of dorsal morphology were identified and evaluated. Under the influence of extrinsic factors, their chromaticity differs over the whole life cycle, thus morphs form combinations between them. The morphs in question are a result of the adaptation of amphibian populations to certain living conditions and play an important role in assuring the survival of the populations.
Unele aspecte ecologice ale speciilor de stejar din Republica Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Grigoraş, Nicolae; Florenţă, Gheorghe; Agapi, Ion
Knowing the importance and value of oak species from the national forest fund, were analyzed the requirements of native oak species (Quercus robur, Q. petraea, Q. pubescens) towards various physico-geographic parameters, with the purpose of identifying the limits and the optimal niches for their development. It was identified that the most demanding oak species to substrate conditions and climatic parameter values are Quercus petraea and Quercus robur, toward Quercus pubescens which is more tolerant to high annual average temperatures, and little rainfall. This explains the future trends of Quercus pubescens which in the context of climate aridization, can easily adapt to the drought and occupy new sectors, in the detriment of the Quercus robur and Quercus petraea species.
Familia Gentianaceae Juss. În flora Basarabiei [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Ioniţa, Olga
The paper reprezents a result of taxonomical treatment of family Gentianaceae Juss. in the flora of Bessarabia. The family contains 3 genus Centaurium Hill, Gentiana L. and Gentianopsis Ma with 7 species: Centaurium erythraea Rafn, C. pulchellum (Swartz) Druce, C. littorale (D. Turner) Gilmour, C. spicatum (L.) Fritsch, Gentiana cruciata L. G. pneumonánthe L. and Gentianopsis ciliata (L.) Ma., the last five of which being rare. The diagnostic caracters, biological, ecological and chorological features, as well as the key for their determination is given.
Rolul ariilor naturale protejate de stat în dezvoltarea regională durabilă în nordul Republicii Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Liogchii, Nina; Begu, Adam; Fasola, Regina; Ajder, Vitalie
Regional development in Moldova is a necessity assumed by Law no. 438-XVI from 28.12.2006 and is based on the country’s sustainable economic development. In this regard, the natural areas protected by the state have a special role. Due to their special protection status they ensure the conservation of natural resources in the region. The work is focused on some aspects of the ecological status of state protected natural areas in the Northern Region. The results were obtained on the basis of a comprehensive study conducted during field expeditions and laboratory research over several years. There are highlighted valuable items specific for protection category and the ecological state of biotic and abiotic components. As a result of the research it was found that the specific elements for the categories of investigated areas are in satisfactory condition. The investigated natural ecosystems, especially those located in the forestry sector, provide favourable conditions for a rich diversity of plant and animal species, among them rare species protected at the national and international level. Interconnection between biotic and abiotic components of protected areas and surrounding habitats, especially agrocoenoses ensure ecological balance in the region.
Manifestarea ploilor torentiale puternice şi abundente pe teritoriul Republicii Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Mândru, Galina
The territory of the Republic of Moldova is in districts with the danger of heavy and torrential and abundant rains, causing considerable damage to the various branches of the national economy: agriculture, rail and car transport, energy, construction and other branches. The destructive effect of strong and abundant torrential rains is due to the duration, intensity and amount of fallen water, but this effect is amplified by many other features of the active surface such as slope, lithological substrate, lack of vegetation, Product time, etc. Both during the year and from one month to the next, torrential rains do not appear regularly. They know a high nonperiodic variability, depending on the characteristics of the general circulation of the atmosphere in the country, as well as the characteristics of the active surface. But the variability of annual rainfall is even greater.
Тенденции изменения ветрового режима в северном регионе Республики Молдова [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Млявая, Галина
The detailed statistical analysis of changes in the parameters and the revealed spatial - temporary structure of wind mode in northern region of the Republic of Moldova’s territory with regard to the new climatic conditions are presented in this article.
Date preliminare privind dieta unor păsări răpitoare nocturne (aves: strigidae) în zona de nord a Republicii Moldova [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Nistreanu, Victoria; Larion, Alina; Postolachi, Vlad
The studies were accomplished in three localities from the northern zone of the Republic of Moldova: Unguri (Ocnița district) – in Mai, at the end of nesting period, where 59 pellets of Asio otus were collected, Volodeni (Edineț ds) – in February 64 pellets of Asio otus were collected; Gordinești (Edineț ds) – in February 56 pellets of Athene noctua were collected. After analyzing the material there were identified 126 individulas in pellets from Unguri, 158 individuals in pellets from Volodeni and 132 individuals in pellets from Gordinești. The trophic spectrums of long-eared owl and of little owl consist mostly of rodent species dominant in agrocenoses, most of which are harmful. In both species the main prey was the field vole (Microtus) with more than 70% in long-eared owl and with about 50% in little owl. The species of genus Apodemus and Mus have a significant role in the diet of both species. The intense use for food of voles and mice from genera Apodemus and Mus, which are important pest species of agricultural crops, emphasize the importance of long-eared owl and of little owl in biological fight against harmful species.
Влияние минеральных удобрений на пищевой режим почвы, урожайность и качество лука репчатого [Articol]
(USARB, 2017) Полтавченко, Ирина; Гуманюк, Алексей; Майка, Лилия; Коровай, Валентина
To obtain more than 50 t/ha of onion of good quality, it necessary to apply drip irrigation with full irrigation norms with 5-day inter-irrigation periods should be applied against the background of applying N180P80 kg of dw / ha of mineral fertilizers.

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